'Empirical Formula Lab Report Essay\r'

'INTRODUCTION\r\nJohn Dalton’s nuclear theory states that elements combine in simple numerical ratios to habitus compounds. A compound, no matter how it is soured, incessantly contains the same elements in the same proportion by weight. The law of fortune conservation states that galvanic pile mass neither be created nor destroyed. In this prove, the mass of the coat was not destroyed or created; the metallic element’s mass was simply changed into a compound form once the swash reacted to it.\r\nThe net mass of the reactant office of the equation and the product side of the equation should be equal if the experiment is done correctly. The molecular shape represents the number of all elements in a compound. The a posteriori is the simplest whole number ratio of the elements in that compound.\r\n combustion replys always involve oxygen and are most always exothermic. Exothermic reactions give off postal code in wake form. The purpose of this experiment is to make up ones mind the empirical formula of a compound development whole numbers. To investigate this experiment, the masses of the metal and artillery were measured to obtain the empirical formula of the compound.\r\n function\r\n in the lead starting the experiment, the materials needed were gathered: melting pot and lid, bunsen burner, deionized or distilled pissing, striker, milligram ribbon, sandpaper (if needed), resides triangle, electrify pad, crucible tongs, electronic scale, ring secure, experiment stand, paper to record data. Two of each needed material was gathered in come in to exile two trials at once.\r\nTo prepare for the experiment, the ring clamp was attached to the stand at about 2/3s the way up the stand. The crucible and lid were rinsed with water, dried, and and so displace on a clay triangle. The Bunsen burner was hooked up to the gas line and the gas was turned on. The dismiss was started with the striker and the fervency was familiarised to the height of the ring clamp. The crucible and lid were het up(p) gently for 4-6 minutes until the bottom of the crucible became red. The flame was intensified and the crucible and lid were modify for another(prenominal) 10-12 minutes. The crucible and lid were allowed to\r\n imperturbable on the wire pad. The mass of the cooled crucible and lid was recorded victimisation the electronic scale.\r\nThis procedure was repeated once much for each trial. In each trial, the ribbon was placed into the crucible and the lid was placed over it. The mass of the crucible, lid and atomic number 12 was recorded. The crucible containing the magnesium was het up(p) gently for 2-3 minutes. The horniness was gradually intensified and heated for another 2-3 minutes. One side of the lid was lifted with the crucible tongs to allow the oxygen privileged. The metal started glowing. The crucible, lid and compound were heated for another 3 minutes.\r\nThe metal was checked periodically until no more than glowing was observed. The crucible was then removed from heat and then cooled on the wire pad. 3 drops of deionized water was added to the cooled compound. The crucible was reheated with the lid partially off, allowing the water vaporization to escape. The exemplification was heated slowly and then the heat was intensified for 15-17 minutes. The crucible, lid and compound were allowed to cool on the wire pad. The mass of the crucible, lid and compound was recorded. The sample was reheated for an extra 5 minutes, then the combined mass of the crucible, lid and metal oxide was measured. The metal oxide was disposed of in the proper marked contained and the crucible was cleaned of any remainder and rinsed with deionized water.\r\nRESULTS\r\nUnits\r\nTrial 1\r\nTrial 2\r\nBefore heat up\r\ng\r\n23.860\r\n later 1st Heating\r\ng\r\n21.383\r\n23.859\r\nAfter second Heating\r\ng\r\n21.385\r\n bus of Crucible, Lid and coat\r\ng\r\n21.575\r\n24.054\r\n sens of Metal\r\ng\r\n0.1 90\r\n0.195\r\nMass of Crucible, Lid and Metal Oxide after 1st heating\r\ng\r\n21.646\r\n24.174\r\n2nd Heating Mass Measurement\r\ng\r\n21.648\r\n24.174\r\nMass of Metal Oxide\r\ng\r\n0.263\r\n0.315\r\nNumber of Moles of Metal in the Compound\r\nmol\r\n0.00782\r\n0.00802\r\nMass of Oxygen in Compound\r\ng\r\n0.0730\r\n0.120\r\nNumber of Moles of Oxygen in the Compound\r\nmol\r\n0.00456\r\n0.00750\r\nSimplest Whole Number ratio of Oxygen to Metal\r\n3:5\r\n14:15\r\nEmpirical Formula for the Compound use Whole Numbers\r\nMg5O3\r\nMg14O13\r\nDISCUSSION\r\nIn order to live magnesium oxide, MgO, the magnesium strip had to be heated. Under normal circumstances, room temperature, magnesium metal, Mg, reacts real slowly with the oxygen, O, in the air. However, as magnesium is heated, it reacts speedy with the oxygen and burns with a white white to produce MgO.\r\nTo protect others from the smoke, containing Magnesium Oxide, the crucible had to remain covered. Some magnesium oxide esca ped, when the crucible was not covered. The crucible had to be slightly ajar when heating up the magnesium, so that oxygen could get to the reaction. Without oxygen, a fire cannot exist. The shininess of the metal Mg turned to a dull appearance as it changed to MgO. As the magnesium reacted to the oxygen, it also reacted with the nitrogen in the air to form magnesium nitride, Mg3N2.\r\nTo expel the nitrogen from the crucible, we added water to the premix and heated it up. This would cause the Mg3N2, to react with the water, H2O, to form ammonia, NH3, and magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2. The NH3 was driven off during the heating. One sign of this reaction was the ammonia smell given off. This is because upon heating, the Mg(OH)2 would break into MgO and H2O, which would be driven off by the heat. The second reheating was so that any remnants of the Mg(OH)2 of the crucible had been converted to MgO. This was also to have an accurate final mass of our product MgO.\r\nAfter the lab, the i nside of the crucible was black. This is because the magnesium not that reacted with the oxygen and the nitrogen in the air provided also with the porcelain of the crucible. The reason for waiting for the crucible to cool before weighing it was because at higher temperatures, the molecules inside are still active, causing the weight to be off. During Trial 2, the magnesium was not properly burnt off and caused the calculations to be off. The magnesium looked as if it had halt glowing, but the inside coil was not alone burned.\r\nREFERENCES\r\nwww.iun.edu\r\nwww.chemistry.about.com\r\nwww.universetoday.com/john-daltons-atomic-theory\r\nLab Experiment\r\nwww.purdue.edu\r\n'